service packs. In a widely circulated paper, mathematician John von Neumann outlines the architecture of a stored-program computer, including electronic storage of programming information and data -- which eliminates the need for more clumsy methods of programming such as plugboards, punched cards and paper. Once limited to surfing the Web, browsers are becoming the universal software platform on which end users launch into information searches, E-mail, multimedia file transfer, discussion groups, and many other Internet, intranet, and extranet applications. The LEO was Englands first commercial computer and was performing useful work before any other commercial computer system in the world. Introduced at the Altair Convention in Albuquerque in March 1976, the visual display module enabled the use of personal computers for interactive games. On April 7, IBM announced five models of System/360, spanning a 50-to-1 performance range. a. Mac OS b. DOS (Disk Operating System) c. desktop operating system d. Linux 0 points QUESTION 2 1. The typical PDP-1 computer system, which sells for about $120,000, includes a cathode ray tube graphic display, paper tape input/output, needs no air conditioning and requires only one operator; all of which become standards for minicomputers. A joint project of Englands Manchester University, Ferranti Computers, and Plessey, Atlas comes online nine years after Manchesters computer lab begins exploring transistor technology. While it did not sell well, the operating system, Be OS, retained a loyal following even after Be stopped producing hardware in 1997 after less than 2,000 machines were produced. The AGC was one of the earliest uses of integrated circuits, and used core memory, as well as read-only magnetic rope memory. These tools take over the task of doing arithmetic functions so that students can focus on higher level mathematics concepts Spreadsheet This software is sometimes credited with starting the "microcomputer revolution" in schools, since it was the first software package available for home computers. The Librascope division of defense contractor General Precision buys Frankels design, renaming it the LGP-30 in 1956. MADDIDA was flown across the country for a demonstration to John von Neumann, who was impressed. True/False False Mac OS X (now macOS) runs the same kernel used in its predecessor, Mac OS 9. Students included future computing pioneers such as Maurice Wilkes, Claude Shannon, David Rees, and Jay Forrester. The TI 99/4 sold well and led to a series of TI follow-on machines. Announced the year previously at the New York World's Fair the Programma 101 goes on sale.
Survey of Operating Systems Chapter #1 Flashcards | Quizlet The Motorola 68000 microprocessor exhibited a processing speed far greater than its contemporaries. In 1979, Truong sold R2E to Bull. The basic idea for bombes came from Polish code-breaker Marian Rejewski's 1938 "Bomba.". The Model 650 was also highly popular in universities, where a generation of students first learned programming. English language learners often score higher on assessments due to their increased focus in language acquisition. Quizlet is the only app you need to study and learn. The IAS computer was designed for scientific calculations and it performed essential work for the US atomic weapons program. The line was discontinued in 2014. For many business users, quick access to this huge storage capability outweighed its relatively slow processing speed. The NeXT had three Motorola microprocessors and 8 MB of RAM. What is the best statement about your choice of a microcontroller for the project? The C64, as it is better known, sells for $595, comes with 64 KB of RAM and features impressive graphics. The camera had a maximum resolution of 0.11 megapixels a 256-color display, and photos could be shared wirelessly. (D) Most of those individuals and companies that could be expected to make up the potential market for the Regent microcomputer have already filled their microcomputer needs. Over 30 were completed, including one delivered to Australia. OS/2 will continue to be used in special Hundreds of allied bombes were built in order to determine the daily rotor start positions of Enigma cipher machines, which in turn allowed the Allies to decrypt German messages. The TI99/4 had a wide variety of expansion boards, with an especially popular speech synthesis system that could also be used with TI's Speak & Spell educational game. This is a list of early microcomputers sold to hobbyists and developers. Physicist Stan Frankel, intrigued by small, general-purpose computers, developed the MINAC at Caltech.
Invention of the PC - HISTORY 1951. The ATX is the most commonly used form factor today. The chip quickly became popular with designers of early personal computers like the Apple II and Commodore PET, as well as game consoles like the Nintendo Entertainment System. When Xerox PARC loaned the Stanford Engineering Department an entire Alto Ethernet network with laser printer, graduate student Andy Bechtolsheim re-designed it into a prototype that he then attached to Stanfords computer network. General Georges Doriot and his pioneering venture capital firm, American Research and Development, invested $70,000 for 70% of DECs stock to launch the company in 1957. Atlas was the fastest computer in the world at the time and introduced the concept of virtual memory, that is, using a disk or drum as an extension of main memory. _____ account allows changes that affect other users, changes to security settings, installation of software and hardware, and access to all files on the computer. Building a computer into the watch form factor has been attempted many times but the release of the Apple Watch leads to a new level of excitement. This real-time information system began operating in the early 1960s. Doug Ross wrote a memo advocating direct access in February. Apple introduces their first ultra notebook a light, thin laptop with high-capacity battery. Graduation rates are lower in online schools. There is an inconsistency between states in the classification of ELL students. Manipulate the data according to specific rules (process) 3.
CS 130.132 - Microcomputer Software Onyx Systems began selling early microcomputer-based Unix workstations in 1980. Microsoft Windows, also called Windows and Windows OS, computer operating system (OS) developed by Microsoft Corporation to run personal computers (PCs). Intel's first microprocessor, a 1/16-by-1/8-inch chip called the 4004, had the same computing power as the massive ENIAC. The success of the VAX family of computers transformed DEC into the second-largest computer company in the world, as VAX systems became the de facto standard computing system for industry, the sciences, engineering, and research.
Information Management System Chapter 3 Quiz - CourseBB The VAIO line of computers would be best known for laptops were designed with communications and audio-video capabilities at the forefront, including innovative designs that incorporated TV and radio tuners, web cameras, and handwriting recognition. At the top of the line was the Model 7030, also known as "Stretch." Which software was the first available for microcomputers? Rather than testing components like the SEAC, the SWAC was built using already-developed technology. The first offering to the public required the buyer to purchase one to be given to a child in the developing world as a condition of acquiring a machine for themselves. . assist teachers in preparing student IEPs. Advertised as the first 100% IBM PC-compatible computer, the Compaq Portable can run the same software as the IBM PC. SWTPC introduces many computer kits based on the Motorola 6800, and later, the 6809. When the Minuteman I was decommissioned, some universities received these computers for use by students. Powerful microcomputers developed for use by commercial, educational and government enterprises are called ____. When was the word "computer" first used? Most historians believe that the use of Colossus machines significantly shortened the war by providing evidence of enemy intentions and beliefs. The first generation of Palm-produced devices, the Palm 1000 and 5000, are based around a Motorola microprocessor running at 16MHz, and uses a special gestural input language called Graffiti, which is quick to learn and fast.
Microprocessors from 1971 to the Present - InformIT CHAPTER 5 QUESTION 1 1. The legal result was a landmark: Atanasoff was declared the originator of several basic computer ideas, but the computer as a concept was declared un-patentable and thus freely open to all. It had no operating system, but it did recognize commands entered via a row of switches. Lenovo, China's largest manufacturer of PCs, purchased IBM's personal computer business in 2005, largely to gain access to IBM's ThinkPad line of computers and sales force. . It was built in Washington DC as a test-bed for evaluating components and systems as well as for setting computer standards. Conceived in the UK by the Raspberry Pi Foundation, this credit card-sized computer features ease of use and simplicity making it highly popular with students and hobbyists. Until the year 2000, it was the world's fastest supercomputer, able to achieve peak performance of 1.3 teraflops, (about 1.3 trillion calculations per second). The PROMs contained a disk operating system, allowing. Which kind of software is required to edit a movie from filmed video footage? An ecologist, for example, could sprinkle thousands of motes from the air onto a field and measure soil and air temperature, moisture, and sunlight, giving them accurate real-time data about the environment. The mill is still in use today as an office park (Clock Tower Place) today. The machine had a fifty-foot long camshaft running the length of machine that synchronized the machines thousands of component parts and used 3,500 relays. T/F True You can save money on your data plan by using this type of connection whenever possible for connecting to the Internet. Sales were weaker than projected, despite being widely praised by the press for its active matrix display, removable trackball, and high performance. Of the dozens of different SWTP kits available, the 6800 proved the most popular. microcomputer: A microcomputer is a complete computer on a smaller scale and is generally a synonym for the more common term, personal computer or PC , a computer designed for an individual. The Nest allowed for remote access to a users homes thermostat by using a smartphone or tablet and could also send monthly power consumption reports to help save on energy bills. Stibitz stunned the group by performing calculations remotely on the CNC (located in New York City) using a Teletype terminal connected to New York over special telephone lines. The World Wide Web was invented in the 90s The first digital computing services were invented in the The first commercial computers were available in First PCs in the First Cell phones in the 1940s 1950 80s 90s The first computer was designed to fire missles A "Bug" is used to describe It was transferred to the Department of Physics at the University of Melbourne in 1955 and remained in service until 1964. Plans for the Mark-8 cost $5 and the blank circuit boards were available for $50. answer choices True Fasle Question 3 30 seconds Q. The Manchester Mark I used more than 1,300 vacuum tubes and occupied an area the size of a medium room. The Central processing unit (CPU) serves as the primarily processing component of a computer system. SWAC was used to solve problems in numerical analysis, including developing climate models and discovering five previously unknown Mersenne prime numbers. Its task was to detect incoming Soviet bombers and direct interceptor aircraft to destroy them. The Newton line never performed as well as hoped and was discontinued in 1998. Which of the following is one strategy often used in online courses to ensure academic integrity? Customers included US military as well as industry. Which is an acknowledged benefit of software with drill and practice functions? What type of web-based creation is produced when students submit their written or artistic products to a website? What is a key technological infrastructure resource for online teaching? Applications were also highly innovative: a WYSISYG word processor known as Bravo, a paint program, a graphics editor, and email for example. With a peak speed of over a petaflop (one thousand trillion calculations per second), the Tianhe 1 (translation: Milky Way 1) is developed by the Chinese National University of Defense Technology using Intel Xeon processors combined with AMD graphic processing units (GPUs). It interfaced with a wide number of standard laboratory instruments, allowing customers to computerize their instrument systems. It was the first microcomputer to sell in large numbers. Only one month later, another one million Raspberry Pis were delivered. Once finally completed, it achieved a computational speed of 200 million instructions per second and 1 billion bits per second of I/O transfer via a unique combination of its parallel architecture and the overlapping or "pipelining" structure of its 64 processing elements. While the PC Jr. sold poorly, the PC/AT sold in the millions. data. In 1987, the year after Microsoft went public, 31-year-old Gates became the world's youngest billionaire. MADDIDA is a digital drum-based differential analyzer.
Chapter 4 Flashcards | Quizlet The Invention of the PC These innovations made it cheaper and easier to. Each processor had its own small memory linked with others through a flexible network that users altered by reprogramming rather than rewiring. refers to symbols that represent fast objects and ideas. The ASCI Red, based on the design of the Intel Paragon, was built by IBM and delivered to Sandia National Laboratories. Officially known as the Track Write, the automatically expanding full-sized keyboard used by the ThinkPad 701 is designed by inventor John Karidis. That means if you want to get started collecting microcomputers, knowing which system to go for first can be overwhelming. The Altair had no keyboard and could not be connected to a television screen. Apple enters the handheld computer market with the Newton. effects of word processing on students' handwriting. While imprisoned at Buchenwald concentration camp for the rest of World War II, he refines his pre-war design of a calculator featuring a modified version of Leibnizs stepped drum design. Computer-enhanced image of IBMs Roadrunner. It used $120 worth of electronics components, as outlined in the September 1973 issue of hobbyist magazine Radio Electronics. Scelbi aimed the 8H, available both in kit form and fully assembled, at scientific, electronic, and biological applications. An early transistorized computer, the NEAC (Nippon Electric Automatic Computer) includes a CPU, console, paper tape reader and punch, printer and magnetic tape units. -The Massive Open Online Course (M O O C). Its founders were Ken and Stan Olsen, and Harlan Anderson. What type of web-based creation is produced when a teacher has art students sketchnoting about a visiting artist's lecture? 40,000 were sold, including 10 to NASA for use on the Apollo space project. The project became the One Laptop per Child Consortium (OLPC) founded by Nicholas Negroponte, the founder of MIT's Media Lab. Ed Colligan, Donna Dubinsky, and Jeff Hawkins. Columbia Supercomputer system made up of SGI Altix. The Tandem-16 eventually led to the Non-Stop series of systems, which were used for early ATMs and to monitor stock trades. Sold complete with a main logic board, switching power supply, keyboard, case, manual, game paddles, and cassette tape containing the game Breakout, the Apple-II finds popularity far beyond the hobbyist community which made up Apples user community until then. The world's first scanned image was made on SEAC by engineer Russell Kirsch in 1957. At the same press conference, IBM also announced 40 completely new peripherals for the new family. It used two different microprocessors: an IBM POWER XCell L8i and AMD Opteron. The Pi weighed only 45 grams and initially sold for only $25-$35 U.S. The TRS-80 was priced at $599.95, included a Z80 microprocessor, video display, 4 KB of memory, a built-in BASIC programming language interpreter, cassette storage, and easy-to-understand manuals that assumed no prior knowledge on the part of the user. Over the next few years, the basic design of the IAS machine was copied in at least 17 places and given similar-sounding names, for example, the MANIAC at Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory; the ILLIAC at the University of Illinois; the Johnniac at The Rand Corporation; and the SILLIAC in Australia. The 48-bit machine used 92 point-contact transistors and 550 diodes. Astronauts communicated with the computer by punching two-digit codes into the display and keyboard unit (DSKY). What are students programming when they develop a computer-generated environment in which a real-life scene is overlaid with computer-generated information? True/False B. Walt Disney Pictures ordered eight of the 200B model to test recording equipment and speaker systems for the 12 specially equipped theatres that showed the movie Fantasia in 1940. The most ambitious massively parallel computer at the time, the ILLIAC IV was plagued with design and production problems. FTCE Physical Education Certification Exam, Alan S. Willsky, Alan V. Oppenheim, Hamid Nawab, Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Statics and Dynamics, Brian Self, David Mazurek, E. Russell Johnston, Ferdinand Beer, Phillip Cornwell, 3.8.1 - Strategic direction: choosing which m, BCPS 2018: Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders. Based around the Texas Instruments TMS 9900 microprocessor running at 3 MHz, the TI 99/4 has one of the fastest CPUs available in a home computer. Initially designed for internal use by HP employees, co-founder Bill Hewlett issues a challenge to his engineers in 1971: fit all of the features of their desktop scientific calculator into a package small enough for his shirt pocket. Store the results for future use Hardware the electronical and mechanical equipment that makes up a computer. What is the function of an IEP generator? At a cost to computer makers of roughly $700, the ASR-33 Teletype is originally designed as a low cost terminal for the Western Union communications network. b. enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems. Although manufactured by Remington Rand, the machine was often mistakenly referred to as the IBM Univac." At 4 million operations per second and 4 kilobytes of memory, the 80386 gave PCs as much speed and power as older mainframes and minicomputers. Using dual PowerPC 603 CPUs, and featuring a large variety of peripheral ports, the first devices were used for software development. Tracks on the drum did the mathematical integration. Software The Apple II, one of the first commercially successful microcomputers, was debuted at the inaugural show of which annual computer industry conference? A cassette tape interface provided supplementary storage for text. If a social studies teacher wanted to poll students anonymously about their opinions on a local issue, what tool might she use to gather their data? Lisa itself, and especially its GUI, were inspired by earlier work at the Xerox Palo Alto Research Center. C. 2. The Macintosh was the first successful mouse-driven computer with a graphical user interface and was based on the Motorola 68000 microprocessor. Incorporating a version of Apple's iOS operating system, as well as sensors for environmental and health monitoring, the Apple Watch was designed to be incorporated into the Apple environment with compatibility with iPhones and Mac Books. Only about thirty NEACs were sold. Which of the following is not a significant challenge in regard to assessing students who are English language learners (ELLs)? The first digital computer that could operate in real-time came out of Project Whirlwind, a initiative during World War II in which MIT worked with the U.S. Navy to develop a universal flight simulator. The DN100 is based on the Motorola 68000 microprocessor, high-resolution display and built-in networking - the three basic features of all workstations. As Apples first new product under the leadership of a returning Steve Jobs, many consider this the most significant step in Apple's return from near-bankruptcy in the middle 1990s. The EDSAC project was led by Cambridge professor and director of the Cambridge Computation Laboratory, Maurice Wilkes. Apple launches the iPhone - a combination of web browser, music player and cell phone - which could download new functionality in the form of "apps" (applications) from the online Apple store. Simon featured on the November 1950 Scientific American cover, The hobbyist magazine Radio Electronics publishes Edmund Berkeley's design for the Simon 1 relay computer from 1950 to 1951. Their first program, consisting of seventeen instructions and written by Kilburn, ran on June 21st, 1948. What can be accomplished by using the Quality Matters standards and the Rubric for Assessing Interactive Quality? This was the first program in history to run on a digital, electronic, stored-program computer. A special version, known as HARVEST, was developed for the US National Security Agency (NSA). A consortium of aerospace, energy, and marine science agencies undertook the project, and the system was built by NEC around their SX-6 architecture. A (n) _____ is a computer that controls access to the hardware and software on a network and provides a centralized storage area for programs, data, and information.