Official records for Chicago were kept at various locations in downtown from January 1871 to 31 December 1925, University of Chicago from 1 January 1926 to 30 June 1942, Midway Airport from 1 July 1942 to 16 January 1980, and at O'Hare Airport since 17 January 1980. At the end of the 19th century, Chicago was the fifth-largest city in the world,[156] and the largest of the cities that did not exist at the dawn of the century. frequency of prayer by metro area, Learn More: frequency of prayer, At least daily, Weekly, Seldom/never, % of adults in the Chicago metro area who attend prayer group, Compare: The main ethnic groups in Chicago include Irish, German, Italian, Mexican, Assyrian, Arab, Bangladeshi, Jews, English, Bosnian, Croatian, Bulgarian, Czech, Greek, Black, Korean, Chinese, Indian, Filipino, Lithuanian, Macedonian, Montenegrin, Albanian, Pakistani, Polish, Hungarian, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Swedish, Ukrainian, Dutch, Belgian, Cuban, Vietnamese, and Puerto Rican. Chicago has the third most franchises in the four major North American sports leagues with five, behind the New York and Los Angeles Metropolitan Areas, and have six top-level professional sports clubs when including Chicago Fire FC of Major League Soccer (MLS). [24] The city is the seat of the Evangelical Covenant Church and the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America. Of the total population in 1900, more than 77% were either foreign-born or born in the United States of foreign parentage. [328] All three Chicago franchise shows are filmed locally throughout Chicago and maintain strong national viewership averaging 7 million viewers per show. In 2017, Chicago exchanges traded 4.7billion derivatives with a face value of over one quadrillion dollars. As the seat of Cook County (the second-most populous U.S. county), the city is the center of the Chicago metropolitan area, one of the largest in the world. [259][260] They also boast the youngest player to win the NBA Most Valuable Player Award, Derrick Rose, who won it for the 201011 season. Seven mainline and four auxiliary interstate highways (55, 57, 65 (only in Indiana), 80 (also in Indiana), 88, 90 (also in Indiana), 94 (also in Indiana), 190, 290, 294, and 355) run through Chicago and its suburbs. Rahm Emanuel (to April 2019) 2010 census population (rank): 2,695,598 (3); Male:Female:White:Black:American Indian and Alaska Native:Asian:Other race:Two or more races . Chicago's first railway, Galena and Chicago Union Railroad, and the Illinois and Michigan Canal opened in 1848. 3.52. [130] A number of Chicago's public art works are by modern figurative artists. The median age was 32 years. In this particular case, the fact that the workers' agreements had expiration dates let the city of Chicago set an expiration date of 2013 for contribution to health benefits for workers who retired after 1989. The city's ethnic diversity made communication, much less evangelization, difficult for native-born Protestant ministers. By 1935 the Workers Alliance of America begun organizing the poor, workers, the unemployed. Although their numbers dropped because of reduced emigration from Germany and because World War I had made it unpopular to acknowledge one's German heritage, 22 percent of Chicago's population still did so in 1920. 1 non-Hispanic 2 excluding black and Asian Hispanics. At least 7.2% identify as a different race and 0.1% identifies as Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander. [15] The region also has the largest number of federal highways and is the nation's railroad hub. The South Side hosts one of the city's largest parades, the annual African American Bud Billiken Parade and Picnic, which travels through Bronzeville to Washington Park. [58] The desire to join the city was driven by municipal services that the city could provide its residents. [82], Mayor Richard J. Daley, a Democrat, was elected in 1955, in the era of machine politics. Gordon, Matthew J. In the state court, the public prosecutor is the Illinois state's attorney; in the Federal court it is the United States attorney. This marked the second consecutive year of population increase, while still not yet returning to the official Census 2000 population level. [68][69] The University of Chicago, formerly at another location, moved to the same South Side location in 1892. [9] The construction boom accelerated population growth throughout the following decades, and by 1900, less than 30 years after the fire, Chicago was the fifth-largest city in the world. The Willis Tower has an observation deck open to tourists year round with high up views overlooking Chicago and Lake Michigan. [citation needed], Chicago contains a number of large, outdoor works by well-known artists. [citation needed], Two major daily newspapers are published in Chicago: the Chicago Tribune and the Chicago Sun-Times, with the Tribune having the larger circulation. In the summer of 2016, Navy Pier constructed a DW60 Ferris wheel. [317], The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago operates Catholic schools, that include Jesuit preparatory schools and others including St. Rita of Cascia High School, De La Salle Institute, Josephinum Academy, DePaul College Prep, Cristo Rey Jesuit High School, Brother Rice High School, St. Ignatius College Preparatory School, Mount Carmel High School, Queen of Peace High School, Mother McAuley Liberal Arts High School, Marist High School, St.Patrick High School and Resurrection High School. It is an important component in global distribution, as it is the third-largest inter-modal port in the world after Hong Kong and Singapore. Judaism has at least 261,000 adherents which is 3% of the population, making it the second largest religion. [286], According to reports in 2013, "most of Chicago's violent crime comes from gangs trying to maintain control of drug-selling territories",[287] and is specifically related to the activities of the Sinaloa Cartel, which is active in several American cities. After playing its first eight seasons at Soldier Field, the team moved to suburban Bridgeview to play at SeatGeek Stadium. As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 2,695,598 people and 1,194,337 households residing within the city limits of Chicago. The Roma first came to Chicago during the large waves of Southern and Eastern European immigration to the United States in the 1880s until World War I. [citation needed], The city has two Major League Baseball (MLB) teams: the Chicago Cubs of the National League play in Wrigley Field on the North Side; and the Chicago White Sox of the American League play in Guaranteed Rate Field on the South Side. [11] Chicago made noted contributions to urban planning and zoning standards, including new construction styles (such as Chicago School architecture, the development of the City Beautiful Movement, and the steel-framed skyscraper). The Chicago campus of Northwestern University includes the Feinberg School of Medicine; Northwestern Memorial Hospital, which is ranked as the best hospital in the Chicago metropolitan area by U.S. News & World Report for 201718;[358] the Shirley Ryan AbilityLab (formerly named the Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago), which is ranked the best U.S. rehabilitation hospital by U.S. News & World Report;[359] the new Prentice Women's Hospital; and Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago. The department also reported 762 murders in Chicago for the year 2016, a total that marked a 62.79% increase in homicides from 2015. (2004). The undergraduate student body is split among 41 states (may include Washington D.C.). ), Apostolic Pentecostal (Evangelical Trad. The Chicago Police Department provides law enforcement and the Chicago Fire Department provides fire suppression and emergency medical services for the city and its residents. [191] Chicago was the base of commercial operations for industrialists John Crerar, John Whitfield Bunn, Richard Teller Crane, Marshall Field, John Farwell, Julius Rosenwald and many other commercial visionaries who laid the foundation for Midwestern and global industry. 1935: Chicago Cubs secure a record as the third-longest unbeaten MLB game streak with 21 consecutive wins. The two teams have faced each other in a World Series only once: in 1906, when the White Sox, known as the "Hitless Wonders," defeated the Cubs, 42. As well as the mayor, Chicago's clerk and treasurer are also elected citywide. [169][170] Since the 2013 legalization of same-sex marriage in Illinois, over 10,000 same-sex couples have wed in Cook County, a majority of them in Chicago. This is one of the most important centers of Polonia. In 1983, Harold Washington became the first black mayor of Chicago. It is the seat of several dioceses. Jones, Dale E., et al. The ceiling of its Preston Bradley Hall includes a 38-foot (12m) Tiffany glass dome. [132], The city lies within the typical hot-summer humid continental climate (Kppen: Dfa), and experiences four distinct seasons. During the 1950s the Chinese population grew from 3,000 to 6,000. Ford Motor Company has an automobile assembly plant on the South Side in Hegewisch, and most of the facilities of the Port of Chicago are also on the South Side. Notable studios includeCinespaceStudios, the largest North American soundstage outside of L.A and Music Box Films, one of the leading distributors of foreign language films documentaries in the U.S. For film fans, theres the free Millennium Park Summer Film Series and film festivals year-round like the Chicago International Film Festival, the Latino, Black Harvest, Reeling (LGBTQ), Underground, Midwest Independent, and Childrens International film fest. The Mandarin-speaking people settled throughout Chicago and the suburbs . [67] This system for telling time spread throughout the continent. [314] According to data compiled in 2014, Chicago's "choice system", where students who test or apply and may attend one of a number of public high schools (there are about 130), sorts students of different achievement levels into different schools (high performing, middle performing, and low performing schools). Other notable shows include CBS's The Good Wife and Mike and Molly. [362], To celebrate the sister cities, Chicago hosts a yearly festival in Daley Plaza, which features cultural acts and food tastings from the other cities. [34] Within seven years it grew to more than 6,000 people. [17] There are approximately 70,000 Bosnian Americans in Chicago. [341] The program ended on October 15, with nearly 800,000 rides taken. "[22] Swedish influence is evident in Andersonville on the far north side. [224], In 2014[update], Chicago attracted 50.17million domestic leisure travelers, 11.09million domestic business travelers and 1.308million overseas visitors. Richard M. Daley, son of Richard J. Daley, was elected in 1989. 42.07% of Loyola Chicago students come from out of state, and 3.78% come from out of the country. Chicago is a major world financial center, with the second-largest central business district in the United States. [177] Chicago also has a sizable non-Christian population.