On surrounding plots of land, meanwhile, neighbours are erecting huge new villas with the money sent back by family members overseas. Chief executive Paul Broadbent said it was making progress to ensure "exploitation in all its forms was eradicated and people can work for a good honest wage and get paid that wage". My uncle, auntie and grandfather help me. I can't sleep with worry." In 2004 23 cockle-pickers drowned after becoming trapped by rising tides in the Lancashire bay. Charitable appeals have made little progress. ", The scars of Morecambe's cockling disaster, North Western Inshore Fisheries and Conservation Authority, AI chatbots 'may soon be more intelligent than us', Russia troop deaths hit 20,000 in five months - US, Palestinian hunger striker dies in Israel prison, The 17 most eye-catching looks at the Met Gala, 'My wife and six children joined Kenya starvation cult', On board the worlds last surviving turntable ferry. The GLA has had some success in dismantling crime rings in Cambridgeshire, Derby and Norfolk, yet the scale of the problem seems beyond its reach. Research led by Durham University last year found evidence that the numbers of people trafficked for labour exploitation would soon exceed those brought to the country for sexual exploitation. Some 30 cockle pickers set out at 4 pm. "Usually all we have to eat is noodles and rice. "I dare not tell my sons about our debts. But let something go wrong - an accident, illness or injustice - and the clock whirs back to the 19th century and a worse-than-Dickensian nightmare of instant ruin, hopeless poverty and chilling social indifference. Almost a year on, it has collected only 20,000, including 5,000 that ITV donated after its recent Bafta. Like Atlas Obscura and get our latest and greatest stories in your Facebook feed. Rescue workers take away the body of one of the Chinese cockle pickers who died after they were trapped by the rising tide in Morecambe Bay in 2004 Tracy Brown, a Morecambe town councillor said . The only decorations on the walls are some Christian posters and a portrait of her dead husband, Lin Guoguang. It is a rough-hewn, empty house. Offer available only in the U.S. (including Puerto Rico). "Our thoughts really are of sadness for the families. The young woman shrugs as she ushers her son into the bedroom next door. Chinese cockle pickers who died in Morecambe Bay, northwest England in 2004. "I work on a construction site from time to time, mixing concrete," she says, her dialect so heavy that even the interpreter has difficulty understanding; her words need to be translated into standard Mandarin before they can be retranslated into English for me. Market reforms have produced stunning economic growth and many new millionaires, but they have also eroded access to healthcare and education for the poor. Now I have lost my parents. ", Dependants Wife Yu Lihong, daughter Guo Yuwei 16, son Guo Minghui 9, Debt 300,000 yuan (20,000) Income 750 yuan (50) per month. 2023 BBC. Always listen to your mother.". In any case, she says, her son no longer wants to go to school. "I stayed in my husband's home for a while. She refuses. With China's economy racing along at double-digit pace and huge inflows of cash from overseas, this region has never had it so good. I can't afford to go to hospital for the surgery I need so I just sit at home waiting to die. This abandoned limestone quarry now provides visitors with multiple, breathtaking viewpoints. "Look at this house. Gone_Gary_T Jazz Record Requests Additional comment actions. Alan Sledmore, who guides people across the bay, said "The area is very . Memories of the, UKmigrants no different to Brits abroad, says home office minister, Don't claim we didn't act on gangmasters after Morecambe Bay, Cameron to push for cap on European migrants in UK negotiations with EU, Seasonal migrant workers scheme closes to help British into work, Newfigures reveal dramatic increase in hate crimes against Polish people, UKmust end dependency on low-wage foreign labour, says Ed Miliband, Home Office 'did not predict huge surge in immigration visas for entrepreneurs', EdMiliband promises to close loophole allowing exploitation of foreign workers, Romanians and Bulgarians in the UK react to immigration furore. But because the victims were all illegal migrants, their dependants have received no compensation, meagre charity, and endured such appalling harassment from debt collectors that several have been driven from their homes and at least one woman has killed herself. He makes no first impression, creates no fuss, just sits quietly waiting for his chance to speak while others are pulling at the heartstrings. The Morecambe Bay cockle pickers tragedy: a survivor's story. And there had been fierce cockle wars between local gangmasters from Scotland and Wales since eight years before It was just chaos and it became very difficult to work in thetrade.". My children are suffering. The authorities in Beijing have washed their hands of the matter. The walls are cracked. The windows are broken. "I worry about their future," says the uncle. "Please help us. "I have no idea how we will get out of this situation," she says. "Maybe when the children are older, they can work and pay off our debts. All but two of the bodies have been found, identified and repatriated. The organisation was set up to protect vulnerable workers in the shell fish, agriculture, food and food packaging labour markets but MPs and academics are campaigning for it to be given more powers. Offer subject to change without notice. Read about our approach to external linking. Xu Liying knows just how hard life can be without any support from society, the state or charity. Now living under witness protection, he told BBC Inside Out of his "despair" before help arrived. Almost a decade after the disaster, Mr Hua said he still has panic attacks. The children looked lost, disbelieving. The cockle permit scheme, under which holders have to complete a safety course and learn about intertidal fishing, was introduced in December 2003, just eight weeks before the disaster. It was freezing cold but I didn't feel it. Morecambe Bay. We left our families to make a better life. The smuggled Fujianese headed directly to the sources of wealth, including Europe. I heard it a lot that month, during two visits to the province to interview some of the families of the cockle pickers who had just died at Morecambe. See. You must go around the back of Red Bank Farm and it is a sharp left up on the on the banking, looking over the Bay. Is climate change killing Australian wine? A decade ago 23 Chinese cockle pickers drowned when they were trapped by sweeping tides while working in Morecambe Bay, Lancashire. In October 2011, 17 cockle pickers of eastern European origin were saved at the River Ribble estuary in Lancashire, 30 miles from the scene of the disaster. The children couldn't bear to live in their old house, where the pictures of their dead parents hung on the walls. Her house-cleaning job brings in just 600 yuan (40) a month. The detective who led the investigation into the tragedy said the deaths had "lived with him" ever since. We do not have a lot of money but we are happy to go through each day peacefully and I am very thankful And glad to be alive," Mr Hua added. Registered in England No. The report also called for the scope of the GLA to be widened. "It is hard work, but I barely earn enough to put food in our mouths," she says. As they stare into the camera, I notice the painfully inappropriate English slogan emblazoned on her T-shirt. I hope he is able to escape deep into the comic books he reads as his mother tells me of a disaster followed by a tragedy followed by years of hopelessness. He already had four mouths to feed. Registered office: 1 London Bridge Street, SE1 9GF. Video, On board the worlds last surviving turntable ferry, Lin Liang Ren was jailed for 14 years in 2006, Research led by Durham University last year, Met Gala 2023: Stars celebrate Karl Lagerfeld, Shooting suspect was deported four times - US media, Yellen warns US could run out of cash in a month, King Charles to wear golden robes for Coronation, HSBC says 1 bank buyout boosted profit by $1.5bn, More than 100 police hurt in French May Day protests. VideoOn board the worlds last surviving turntable ferry, I didnt think make-up was made for black girls, Why there is serious money in kitchen fumes. Mick Gradwell, who has retired from Lancashire Police, said: "You're thrown into investigating international organised crime gangs, snakeheads, triads, international human trafficking. Sign up for our newsletter and enter to win the second edition of our book. ", The creditors have also suffered, she says. Morecambe Bay's cockling industry was catapulted into the national spotlight 15 years ago under disastrous circumstances. My son knew that he would never find a bride unless we had our own home, so he went to England to earn enough money to buy one.". And on his first day . But they drive her to distraction. "I have no plan. So why are the authorities unable to prevent this kind of situation arising? Chen's mother wails when she sees me and falls to her knees to beg for help. Both Freeman and Bowkett were ordered by the judge to each pay 10,000 costs. The van belonging to the group of missing cockle pickers, in a car park on the foreshore of Morecambe Bay near Bolton Le Sands, where many cockle. Returning three years later, I find that he seems to have coped as well as can be imagined in the circumstances. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. (modern), The dangers of Morecambe Bay, where 23 Chinese cocklers lost their lives in 2004, include fast-rising tides and quicksands. Morecambe Bay cockling disaster survivor Li Hua said he thought he "might just as well wait to die" before the emergency helicopter's thermal imaging camera spotted he was alive in the sea, The victims, aged between 18 and 45, were working to send money back to their families, Jurors in the manslaughter trial were taken out on the sands in a hovercraft, Mick Gradwell, who led the police investigation, claimed other similar disasters could occur. . Under this government's war on regulation and "red tape", migrant workers continue to be subjected to exploitation at work. It was the only way they could pay for the treatment. Rescue teams continue their search over Morecambe bay, where many cockle pickers are feared dead after they were trapped by the rising tide in. He does everything he is told without complaint or enthusiasm. More than 1,000 days after the accident, they haven't paid back a single yuan of the original 80,000-yuan (5,300) loan. During the last school holiday, he went to work in a factory paying 60p a day so he could start to repay the debts of the dead. Now the creditors never stop bothering us." One of them, Li Hua, was within seconds of becoming a victim. She refuses to accept that her son is dead. Member for Morecambe and Lunesdale (David Morris) on securing this timely debate. The tragic deaths of twenty-three young Chinese cockle pickers in Morecambe Bay on the Lancashire coast have been attributed to the machinations of global capitalism. Europe is a devilish prison. Dependants Wife Chen Yanchun, son Song Xinyao, 17, and the family's two grandmothers Debt 240,000 yuan (15,900) Monthly income 500 yuan (33). Mick Gradwell, the detective who led the investigation into the tragedy, said criminals were funnelling 1m per day to China by exploiting workers all around England. Benson, like many local fishermen, believes it was the negligence not only of the gangmasters but also of the authorities that was responsible for the tragedy: "In the summer of 2003, I rescued 50 to 60 Chinese folk who were stranded while cockling for a gangmaster That should have been a warning." Ten Thousand Waves, featuring Maggie Cheung as Mazu, is a collaboration with the Chinese poet Wang Ping, whom Julien met in 2006 and brought to Morecambe Bay; she produced a poem that "became . Apart from the senior hovercraft commander, many of the crew on that particular night on the hovercraft hadn't seen bodies in the water before.". But they need education to lift them to a level where one of them can repay the debt, which will be passed on to the sons - as is customary in this part of the world. Follow us on social media to add even more wonder to your day. "The scenario of migrant workers being promised a better life by working for a gangmaster on farms in the UK but then finding they're paid far less then they've been promised less than the minimum wage isn't uncommon." Education - supposedly free - costs more than 2,000 yuan (132) a year. Twenty-three of the group . I guess he is also the poorest and least educated. "Shouldn't the boy go and play next door?" Last time I was back there, word quickly got round and before I knew it there were 10 of them pressing me to repay our debts. The last time a foreigner came to see me, they came knocking immediately after and caused trouble. They have had to move. These workers had no knowledge of the sea and hadn't been given any safety equipment or guidance by their gangmaster. Oneupmanship does not come much more literal. Effective regulations would benefit both migrant and local workers. "I was just numb..then, I don't know how, a wave maybe turned me round. AI chatbots 'may soon be more intelligent than us', Russia troop deaths hit 20,000 in five months - US, Palestinian hunger striker dies in Israel prison, 'My wife and six children joined Kenya starvation cult', On board the worlds last surviving turntable ferry. He would rather start work early so that he can start making payments on the debt that he will inherit as soon as he comes of age - a responsibility that few children of his age have to bear. (modern), A woman searching for cockles in Fujiyan. Det Sgt Derek Tinsley said: "[The Li sisters] clearly have no remorse for the way in which they obtained this money and wasted no time in trying to spend it on their release from prison. Li Hua knew very little about England before leaving his home village in China, beyond what hed read about and seen on television and yet he already made of it in his imagination something magnificent and welcoming. [12], The 2006 film Ghosts, directed by Nick Broomfield, is a dramatisation of the events leading up to the disaster. Mr Gradwell said while "significant sums" were pocketed by the gangmaster, the cockle pickers earned "a pittance". There are some outlets just 10 minutes from here and I hear they pay OK, about three or four yuan [20-25p] an hour. His wife joined him after local snakeheads told her that migrant men find mistresses if they are separated from their spouses for too long. "We all came for the same reason. One grandmother is still crying as I prepare to leave. "The situation is getting worse. The 23 deaths at Morecambe Bay highlighted the serious risks being taken by low-paid workers and the cavalier attitude of those supposedly responsible for them, but in Parliament efforts were already under way to tackle gangmasters. Gangmaster Lin Liang Ren would drive the workers to Morecambe from Liverpool and visit casinos while the men and women toiled through the night. He said: "I think a lot about those who didn't survive, particularly at Chinese New Year, because it happened around that time. Running time. Mr Guy said: "At that stage they effectively came into a sea of bodies. It is really unfair. Often mistaken as a commemorative statue, this sculpture has become a memorial of sorts, honoring the deaths of 23 Chinese cockle pickers who died in Morecambe Bay working for criminal . "It was very harrowing. Most populous nation: Should India rejoice or panic? [7] Ren, his girlfriend Zhao Xiao Qing and his cousin Lin Mu Yong were also convicted of breaking immigration laws. [16][17], In 2010, artist Isaac Julien released his film Ten Thousand Waves about the disaster. . I was just lucky.". When 23 Chinese cockle pickers died at Morecambe Bay in 2004, the gangmaster was caught and convicted, bodies were repatriated, the disaster tidied away. Mon Nov 15 2004 - 00:00. "I was so tired last year that I had to stop and rest. "We once lived in the hills, but it was too remote, too far away from the nearest school, so we moved," he says in a thick local dialect. The 2004 Morecambe Bay disaster saw a group of Chinese cockle pickers drowned by rising tides as they worked gathering shellfish for criminal gangmasters. Ten years after the cockle pickers' tragedy, we are still focusing on the arrival of migrants, not their rights, Original reporting and incisive analysis, direct from the Guardian every morning, 2023 Guardian News & Media Limited or its affiliated companies. Only 21 bodies were recovered following the Morecambe Bay tragedy but police believe 23 people died. Her only income - 300 yuan (20 a month) - comes from mixing concrete on building sites for other people's new houses. The deaths 10 years ago of 23 Chinese cockle pickers who were searching for a "better life" has had a lasting effect on all those associated with the Morecambe Bay disaster. Sinking water, sinking water.". But the Japanese police were very good. "I am sorry I couldn't invite you to my place. It was first described to me in February 2004 as one of China's most beautiful and deeply distressing forms of art. "We dealt with the people who were responsible for the deaths on the night. He cooks noodles for the family, helps his mother with the piecework, and trims his dreams to fit the new reality. A decade ago 23 Chinese cockle pickers drowned when they were trapped by sweeping tides while working in Morecambe Bay, Lancashire. His mother, Shi Aizhu, took that call. Li said: "I wanted to get justice for those who died. But 5,000 miles away in Fujian province . "Dad's only wish is that you study harder and harder and never act too proud. Cheetham says the Gangmasters Licensing Act, passed in 2004 after the tragedy, hasn't changed things much. But I have a few hundred thousand yuan worth of debts. "My neighbours and relatives help us. Lawyers in London are pressing a claim for money from Britain's criminal compensation fund, but if a payment comes at all it could take years. Follow us on Twitter to get the latest on the world's hidden wonders. And there are numerous licensed gangmasters who violate the rules and exploit the loopholes." The money had been stashed by Yan Li's boyfriend Philip Freeman, 64. The 17-year-old's schoolwork is suffering. If the creditors saw you they would assume you gave me money and demand I repay them. ", Her sick brother-in-law says he feels like an extra burden. They were cut off by the incoming tide in the bay around 9:30 p.m. Find Cockle Pickers Work At Morecambe Bay stock photos and editorial news pictures from Getty Images. "People tend to think that slavery is something to do with faraway countries with poor human rights records," he said. "Is that near Morecambe?" . [3][4] The workers had been trafficked via containers into Liverpool, and were hired out through local criminal agents of international Chinese Triads. Where things are going right, the success stories - of giddy growth, sudden wealth and market domination - entirely justify the country's image as the nascent superpower of the 21st century. Ten years ago this week, 23 men and women lost their lives searching for cockles in Morecambe Bay. But returning to Fujian more than three years later, I find that familiar lament greeting me as I enter the home of Chen Yanchun, who has met me at the airport and sobbed for most of the 50-minute drive to see her family. We are so poor. I thought I might just as well wait to die. VideoOn board the worlds last surviving turntable ferry, I didnt think make-up was made for black girls, Why there is serious money in kitchen fumes. The deaths exposed an underground. But she had to come back because her children's schoolwork was suffering in her absence. The dangers of Morecambe Bay, where 23 Chinese cocklers lost their lives in 2004, include fast-rising tides and quicksands. Read about our approach to external linking. The cockles to be collected are best found at low tide on sand flats at Warton Sands, near Hest Bank. We must go on. More than three years after 23 Chinese cockle pickers perished on the Lancashire sands, most people in the United Kingdom believe justice has been done. Morecambe Bay cockling disaster survivor Li Hua said he thought he "might just as well wait to die" before the emergency helicopter's thermal imaging camera spotted he was alive in the sea, The victims, aged between 18 and 45, were working to send money back to their families, Jurors in the manslaughter trial were taken out on the sands in a hovercraft, Mick Gradwell, who led the police investigation, claimed other similar disasters could occur. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. Having already cut back its staff (only 37 investigators cover Britain), and with more job cuts expected, the GLA is struggling to carry on operating. I was on my own and then a helicopter came.". Zhao Xiao Qing was sentenced to 2 years and 9 months for facilitation of illegal immigration and perverting the course of justice. Twenty years ago, the two-storey, red-brick building was probably the envy of the neighbourhood. Misery appears to be what he is used to. I could earn 500 yuan in a month," he says. The creditors haven't started to harass him yet because they know he is just a kid, but they will when he grows up. His first words are an apology. His evidence helped convict Lin Liang Ren of 21 counts of manslaughter, facilitating illegal immigration and perverting the course of justice. In fact, these . "There is no precedent All we can do is wait.". Explore in 3D: The dazzling crown that makes a king. When he died it was such a loss. They have done nothing wrong. How can the Chinese and the UK governments say that it is not their responsibility? They used houses and shops in Shirley in Solihull, and Dudley to run their operation, it said. But we quickly ran out of things to eat so I had to start working again. "Someone told them that we had received compensation from the UK, but it is not true. When their gangmaster, Lin, was convicted of criminal negligence the judge at Preston crown court said the accused was motivated by greed to shockingly exploit his countrymen with no heed for their safety. But I got caught trying to enter Japan," he recalls. [13][14], A 2006 documentary Death in the Bay: The Cocklepickers' Story, was commissioned by Channel 4 as part of The Other Side from local filmmaker Loren Slater, who was one of the first people on the scene. Five of them depend on Yu's father's factory salary of 750 yuan. Gangmaster-controlled work is worth 1.34bn to the UK economy, but only 950 labour providers are licensed under the act. Fifteen other labourers from the same group managed to return safely to shore.[2]. Her husband's death meant instant ruin. "So it had a lasting effect on them," he added. Bowkett, from Welford Road in Shirley, was given a six-month community work order and issued with a four-month curfew which bans him from leaving his home between 20:00 and 06:00 GMT. Li Hua was the only worker to be rescued on the night of 5 February, 2004. The son, Lin Zhifan, was also poorly educated - quitting school before he was 16 so that he could work in a factory. All the victims were the main breadwinners for their families. Romania: Castles, Ruins, and Medieval Villages, Iceland in Summer: Journey Through a Fabled Land, Monster of the Month w/ Colin Dickey: Mokele-Mbembe, Accidental Discoveries: A Celebration of Historical Mistakes, Antiques and Their Afterlives: Stories from the Collection of Ryan and Regina Cohn, Monster of the Month w/ Colin Dickey: Satanists, Once Upon a Time: Fairy Tale Writing With Anca Szilgyi, Gourds Gone Wild: Growing and Crafting Gourds With Gourdlandia, Playing Ancient Games: History & Mythology With John Bucher, Secrets of Tarot Reading: History & Practice With T. Susan Chang, Why 18th-Century Scots Performed Mock Human Sacrifices Over Cake. This barely covers half the interest payments. But it is still not rich enough to keep people from leaving. "We all came for the same reason. When he died it was such a loss. "I've seen them crying when the local gang set fire to their cockles It was terrible. If I had any money, I would pay them, because I know they have to work hard for their money too. Unlike most of the families in Fujian, Yu knew that her husband was in trouble before she read about it in the newspapers because Guo had a mobile phone with him in Morecambe Bay. We left our families to make a better life. The 2004 Morecambe Bay disaster saw a group of Chinese cockle pickers drowned by rising tides as they worked gathering shellfish for criminal gangmasters. Among those who perished were an 18-year-old man and a husband and wife,. As Yu Lihong starts to recall her mother-in-law's suicide, warm rain thunders down outside the barred, blue-tinted windows of the apartment at the top of the dark staircase, a walk of nine storeys every time the family has to go out to buy some noodles. Her salary of 1,200 yuan (80) a month, from a Singaporean trading company, would normally ensure a modest but secure existence in Fujian. "I went myself when I was young. The detective who led the investigation into the tragedy said the deaths had "lived with him" ever since. The families I meet in Fujian are all after pity - it is their last hope - but they are not equally able to press their case for sympathy, charity and compensation. The events of that night left indelible memories for everyone involved - from the sole Chinese survivor and witness - to the lifeboat crew who found themselves confronted by a "sea of bodies". In March 2006, Ren was jailed for 14 years at Preston Crown Court. "When my son came back home, he thought she was still asleep." Dependant Son Xu Bin, 17 Debt More than 200,000 yuan (13,250) Monthly income 1,200 yuan (80). ", At last year's trial in Britain, the boy wrote to the judge. A powerful statue sits on Scalestone Point, looking out over Morecambe Bay. "If someone goes abroad, everybody in the neighbourhood lends them money because they believe they will be repaid in three or four years," Chen says. The widow's house is easy to spot in Shangjiang village. On the evening of 5 February 2004, at least 21 Chinese illegal immigrants were drowned by an incoming tide at Morecambe Bay in North West England, while harvesting cockles off the Lancashire coast. Video, On board the worlds last surviving turntable ferry, Met Gala 2023: Stars celebrate Karl Lagerfeld, Shooting suspect was deported four times - US media, Yellen warns US could run out of cash in a month, The 17 most eye-catching looks at the Met Gala, King Charles to wear golden robes for Coronation, HSBC says 1 bank buyout boosted profit by $1.5bn, More than 100 police hurt in French May Day protests. eBook ISBN 9780429457357 ABSTRACT This case study describes an initiative titled Operation SeaQuest that was launched in the aftermath of a tragic incident in which 23 Chinese cockle pickers were drowned by the incoming tide in Morecambe Bay in Lancashire, United Kingdom. Photograph: Don McPhee for the Guardian, en years ago this week, 23 men and women lost their lives searching for cockles in Morecambe Bay. A memorial garden for the victims of the Morecambe Bay cockling tragedy has been unveiled. Even in grief there is competition. The 21 men and two women were aged between 18 and 45 and were. "Some are polite. The interview over, I ask if I can take some pictures of the mother, grandmother and son. Twenty-one bodies were recovered within hours, a woman's skull was washed up six years on and one man has never been found. An unusual artwork dedicated to a unique man that entertained people visiting Cambridge while raising money for charity. ", As we leave, our driver, Lin Wanxiong, explains how Fujianese people have been travelling overseas to make their fortunes for many generations. Her orphaned nephew Xu Bin has inherited debts of more than 200,000 yuan (13,250). "That was taken just days before he set off to Europe," she says, breaking into tears. Thanks to satellites and modern communications, the bad luck bounced across the globe almost instantly. The Chinese gangmaster who organised the trip and two associates of his were found guilty of manslaughter, breaking of immigration laws and other crimes, and were sentenced to several years in prison. Mr Hua said: "It was pitch black and I was desperate. Two sisters who laundered money linked to a human trafficking operation which caused the deaths of 23 cockle pickers have been jailed for a second time. 2004 mass drowning in Morecambe Bay, England, "Skull found in Morecambe Bay 'belongs to cockle-picker', "Cockle pickers were swimming the wrong direction", "Man Convicted in Shellfish Pickers' Deaths", "Cockler deaths jury shown film of survivor's rescue", "Victims of the sands and the snakeheads", Cocklers tragedy highlights need for high safety standards, "Exhibition: 'Memento', Ed Pien, 24 April - 4 July 2009", BBC report, Cockler gangmaster gets 14 years, The Cod Fisheries: The History of an International Economy, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Morecambe_Bay_cockling_disaster&oldid=1151986537, February 2004 events in the United Kingdom, Illegal immigration to the United Kingdom, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 27 April 2023, at 13:17. He must be able to hear everything anyway, if not this time, then on countless previous occasions. The British government has paid to send the bodies home, but it is reluctant to do more for fear of encouraging other illegal immigrants. At the moment, it is impossible. The father inherited his son's 100,000 yuan debt (6, 625).